Imagine this: Your new accounting employee receives a call from what seems to be your company’s financial service provider. The caller sounds professional and mentions a suspicious transaction in the company’s account. 

Reassuring your employee that it’s a routine check, they ask for a one-time password (OTP) that has just been sent to secure the account. In a rush to safeguard the business, your employee shares the OTP—unaware they’ve fallen victim to a sophisticated scam involving an OTP bot.

Such real-life scenarios show how serious the threat of OTP bots has become in our digitalized environment. Understanding what OTP bots are and how to protect yourself from them is crucial to safeguarding your personal and business information. Let’s take a closer look at this emerging threat and explore ways to defend against it.

What is an OTP bot?

An OTP bot is a malicious automated software that cybercriminals use to steal one-time passwords (OTPs). OTPs are temporary verification codes sent to a user’s phone or email as part of two-factor authentication (2FA) or multi-factor authentication (MFA) processes. These codes provide extra security for online accounts, ensuring that even if someone knows your password, they still need the OTP to gain unauthorized access.

OTP bots exploit the trust and urgency associated with these security codes, tricking users into revealing their OTPs. Once the bot obtains the OTP, it can bypass security measures and access personal data and accounts.

How do OTP bots work?

OTP bots operate through a combination of social engineering and automated technology. Here’s how they typically work:

1. The attacker initiates contact with the victim, often posing as a legitimate entity such as a bank, service provider, or even a tech support representative. The goal is to trick a user by creating a sense of urgency and trust, convincing them that sharing their OTP is necessary.

2. Once the victim is convinced, the attacker uses an OTP bot to trigger a legitimate OTP request from the service provider. The attacker then attempts to log into the victim’s account using their credentials (often obtained through a previous phishing attack or data breach).

3. The bot waits for the victim to receive the verification code and then relays the request to the victim, often through a phone call or text message. The bot uses convincing language and scenarios to persuade the victim to share their OTP.

4. Once the bot receives the OTP from the victim, it immediately uses it to complete the login process, gaining unauthorized access to the victim’s account.

By automating this process, attackers can efficiently target multiple victims simultaneously, increasing their chances of success.

Process of OTP bot attacks

Understanding the step-by-step process of OTP-related attacks can help you recognize and avoid them. Let’s consider another example. You receive a call from someone claiming to be from a popular online retailer. They inform you that there is an issue with your recent order and they need to verify your identity to proceed with the correction.

They ask you to provide the verification code sent to your phone to confirm the changes. In reality, the caller is an attacker using an OTP bot. They have already initiated a password reset request on your retailer account, triggering the OTP.

As soon as you share the OTP code, the attacker uses it to change your account password and gain access, potentially making unauthorized transactions with your stored payment information. Here’s how these attacks typically unfold in a particular order:

1. Reconnaissance: Malicious actors gather information about potential targets through phishing emails, social media, and other online sources. This information helps them craft convincing scenarios for the social engineering phase.

2. Initial contact: The attacker contacts the victim by phone, often using spoofed numbers or email addresses to appear legitimate. They create a sense of urgency or importance, prompting the victim to act quickly.

3. Requesting the OTP: Using stolen login credentials, the attacker tries to log into the victim’s account, triggering an OTP request from the service provider.

4. Interception: The attacker’s OTP bot waits for the victim to receive the OTP codes. The bot then contacts the victim, often through a phone call, claiming to need the OTP to resolve a supposed urgent issue.

5. Persuasion: The bot uses persuasive language and convincing scenarios to convince the victim to share the OTP. This might involve claims of fraud prevention, account recovery, or urgent security updates.

6. Exploitation: Once the OTP is obtained, the attacker uses it to complete the login process and gain unauthorized access to the victim’s account. This access can lead to unauthorized transactions, financial theft, data breaches, and other forms of cybercrime.

The impact of OTP bot attacks on organizations and networks

OTP bot attacks can have severe consequences for both individuals and organizations. Beyond what was mentioned earlier, here are some potential impacts:

• Financial loss: Unauthorized access to accounts can result in significant financial losses, particularly for businesses handling large sums of money

• Data breaches: Access to sensitive data can lead to data breaches, exposing personal and business data to misuse

• Reputational damage: Victims of OTP-related attacks, especially businesses, can suffer reputational damage, while customers and clients may lose trust in the organization’s ability to protect their digital information

• Operational disruption: Attacks can disrupt business operations, causing downtime and lost productivity

One notable example is the attack on Twitter in 2020, in which attackers used social engineering and OTP bots to gain access to high-profile accounts. They then used these accounts to promote a cryptocurrency scam, causing financial and reputational damage to the platform.

How to protect your business from OTP bots

Protecting your business from OTP threats involves a combination of technological solutions and best practices. Here are detailed strategies to safeguard your organization:

1. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA)

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a critical safety measure that adds an extra layer of protection beyond passwords. Implement MFA to ensure that unauthorized access is prevented even if a password is compromised.

Consider MFA methods that don’t depend solely on text messages, such as app-based authenticators or hardware tokens, which are more secure alternatives. Additionally, integrate two-factor authentication (2FA) into your regular protocols, as it can significantly enhance your overall security posture.

2. Educate employees

Employee awareness is a key component in defending against all kinds of threats. Regularly train your employees about the risks of OTP bots and social engineering tactics. Ensure they recognize suspicious requests for OTPs or other sensitive information.

Develop clear security protocols for verifying the legitimacy of such requests, and encourage employees to report any unusual or suspicious activity immediately.

3. Monitor & analyze

Keep monitoring your systems for early detection of OTP threats. Use advanced analytics tools to track and analyze user behavior, looking for patterns indicating an ongoing or attempted attack.

Implement monitoring solutions that provide real-time insights and alerts about anomalous activities. By maintaining a vigilant watch over your network and systems, you can quickly identify and respond to potential breaches before they cause significant damage.

4. Secure communication channels

Ensuring the security of communication channels used for OTP delivery is crucial. Choose encrypted communication methods to send OTPs, such as app-based authenticators or secure email services.

By encrypting your OTPs and other sensitive communications, you can prevent attackers from intercepting and using them to gain access to your systems.

5. Regularly audit security

Regular security audits help identify and address vulnerabilities in your authentication processes and overall security infrastructure. During these audits, assess the effectiveness of your current security protocols, review access controls, and test your systems for potential weaknesses.

Regularly auditing your security practices ensures that your defenses remain robust and up-to-date.

Tools that can help mitigate OTP bot risks

To keep your organizational walls secure, some useful tools and technologies can help detect and prevent OTP bot attacks:

Behavioral analytics

Behavioral analytics tools can be instrumental in identifying and mitigating OTP threats. Tools designed to analyze user behavior and detect anomalies—that may indicate a security threat—provide real-time alerts and detailed reports, enabling organizations to respond swiftly to potential attacks and prevent unauthorized access.

Advanced authentication solutions

Implementing advanced authentication solutions can significantly enhance security against attacks. Tools like Google Authenticator offer more secure methods for generating and verifying one-time passwords.

Such solutions reduce reliance on text messages, which are more vulnerable to interception by OTP bots. Using app-based authenticators or hardware tokens adds an extra layer of security, making it harder for attackers to infiltrate.

Fraud detection systems

Fraud detection systems can help detect and prevent fraudulent activities, such as an OTP bot attack. These systems use advanced algorithms and machine learning to analyze transaction patterns and identify suspicious behavior.

By integrating these systems into your security protocols, you can proactively detect and mitigate potential threats before they result in unauthorized transactions or data breaches.

IP allowlisting

Even if an attacker has access to your credentials, including a one-time password (OTP), they still won’t be able to connect to sensitive databases or tools without the correct IP address. With IP allowlisting, only pre-approved IP addresses are granted access to your network, adding a critical layer of security.

NordLayer supports this by enabling organizations to create virtual private gateways with fixed IP addresses, ensuring that unauthorized users are blocked, even if they possess valid login credentials.

Device posture security

Device posture security helps prevent unauthorized devices from accessing sensitive resources. With features like NordLayer’s Device Posture Security (DPS), organizations can ensure that only approved devices—whether personal or company-issued—are granted access. Even if an attacker has all the correct login credentials, access will be restricted if they’re not using a recognized, authorized device. This adds another layer of protection, ensuring that only compliant devices can interact with your network.

Step-up authentication

Step-up authentication involves implementing additional verification steps when high-risk activities are detected. For example, suppose a user logs in from a new location or attempts a high-value transaction. In that case, the system can require additional authentication methods, such as biometric verification or a hardware token. This approach ensures that only legitimate users can perform sensitive actions, reducing the risk of unauthorized transactions.

These tools and technologies can help businesses significantly reduce the risk of OTP threats and protect their data. Staying vigilant and implementing these security measures is essential to maintaining a robust defense against evolving threats.

Best practices for enhancing security against OTP bots

To enhance your security posture against OTP bots, consider the following practices:

• Regular software updates. Update all software and systems regularly to fix security holes. Keeping everything up to date helps protect against known vulnerabilities.

• Implement strong password policies. Enforce complex and unique passwords for different accounts. Use password managers to help you manage and generate secure passwords and regularly prompt password changes.

• Train your employees. Conduct regular training sessions to inform employees about the latest phishing tactics, social engineering schemes, and specific threats, such as OTP bots. Establish protocols for verifying unusual requests for sensitive information.

• Encrypt communication channels. Encrypted messaging services or app-based authenticators, including OTPs, are used to transmit sensitive information. Avoid SMS-based OTPs for critical transactions due to their vulnerability to interception.

• Conduct regular security audits. Perform periodic security audits to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses in your authentication processes. Work with third-party security experts to conduct comprehensive audits and provide improvement recommendations.

• Develop a robust incident response plan. Create a well-defined incident response plan for managing and mitigating the impact of security breaches. Include steps for responding to OTP bot attacks, such as isolating affected systems and notifying stakeholders.

• Implement access controls & the principle of least privilege. Ensure employees have access only to the resources necessary for their roles. Regularly review and adjust access permissions, and utilize role-based access control (RBAC) to manage user permissions.

• Use threat intelligence & monitoring services. Integrate threat intelligence services for real-time information about emerging threats. Continuous monitoring tools and security information and event management (SIEM) systems should be used to detect suspicious activities early.

• Stay informed about new threats. Stay updated on new threats, vulnerabilities, and best practices by participating in industry forums, attending conferences, and subscribing to security bulletins. Proactively adapt your security measures based on the latest developments.

Conclusion

While OTP bots pose a serious threat, staying vigilant and proactive puts you in the strongest position to prevent their constantly evolving tactics. OTP attacks will only grow more advanced if we fail to upgrade our defenses. Here are the core items to remember:

1. Conduct regular employee training to spotlight the latest social engineering techniques. Aware, informed staff are your first line of prevention.

2. Implement robust, at least two-factor authentication wherever possible. Removing reliance on single-factor OTPs starves bots of their favorite phishing fuel.

3. Consider additional verification for high-risk events like fund transfers. Extra authentication layers prevent bots’ most enticing break-in targets.

Cybersecurity is an ongoing process that needs effort and adaptation. While challenges will always exist, empowering your organization with strategic security practices makes you resilient against sophisticated online threats. Stay proactive and keep your digital defenses strong.

Remote access is a business necessity. Around 50% of workers use remote access technologies to work from home or on the move. Many of those workers access remote desktops to recreate workplaces outside the office.

While workers see Office 365 or SalesForce on their displays, a lot happens under the hood. Businesses rely on remote access protocols to connect devices and transfer data. In every case, companies must secure remote access methods while ensuring optimal performance. 

This blog will explore remote access protocols and introduce some popular varieties. We will also list some remote access best practices to help you find the perfect setup.

What are remote access protocols?

Remote access protocols enable connections between remote devices and servers. Protocols set the conditions for transferring data packets, allowing workers to access desktops hosted on centralized data centers. Many protocols also strengthen security by applying encryption to hide traffic from outsiders.

Common types of remote access protocols

Almost every device has an in-built remote access protocol. Windows uses the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), while Linux and Macs use the Secure Shell Protocol (SSH).

Protocols have default settings, which often suit user needs. However, there are occasions when customizing remote access protocols is essential. You may also add extra protocols to improve security or ensure compatibility with other systems.

When you deviate from default setups, it’s important to understand how remote access protocols work. Let’s explore the main remote access protocols and how to use them.

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

Microsoft created the Remote Desktop Protocol in 2012. RDP uses a server and client setup to organize shared connections between remote devices and central servers. Engineers use RDP to access remote devices securely, and the protocol works with Windows, Linux, Mac OS, and even Android.

RDP uses port forwarding and the TCP/IP transfer protocol to send and receive data over a network channel. This channel carries data about keystrokes, mouse movements, and visual information from remote servers.

With RDP, users don’t need to host apps on their devices. They can access central assets via RDP and work via the remote desktop.

Secure Shell (SSH)

The Secure Shell remote transfer protocol allows remote users to deliver command-line instructions to central devices. The SSH protocol encrypts commands and enables secure file transmission. These features make it a popular protocol for server management.

SSH may also be a good option for secure remote access. The SSH protocol uses public and private keys to authenticate connections. RDP relies on password credentials supplied by remote users, which can be vulnerable to theft or brute force attacks.

Virtual Network Computing (VNC)

Like RDP, VNC users remotely control applications stored on central servers. Unlike RDP, VNC uses the Remote Frame Buffer Protocol (RFB). The screen-sharing protocol allows remote capture of devices, providing greater control compared with RDP.

VNC is popular because it is platform-independent. Many users can connect to a VNC instance, regardless of their operating system. It is a common choice for IT or customer service teams who need secure access to user devices.

Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)

SLIP is one of the oldest remote access technologies, having appeared in the 1980s. First used to connect Unix devices, SLIP is still a popular way to control TCP/IP data transmission.

SLIP creates point-to-point pathways between serial devices. Serial communication is rarely used in remote working as it struggles with audio-visual data flows. However, companies commonly use the technique to control internet-of-things devices due to its low cost and simplicity.

Point-to-point protocol (PPP)

Point-to-point protocols use TCP/IP to create secure connections between remote devices and central servers. Operating at the link layer, PPP is a go-to protocol for Internet Service Providers.

PPP is the foundation of other remote access technologies. For example, Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) allows rapid file transfers over Ethernet connections. PPPoE also enables network monitoring to track user activity.

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

Virtual Private Networks use variants of the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) to create secure tunnels between clients and servers. Tunneling enhances user privacy by encrypting data and assigning fresh IP addresses.

These features make VPNs some of the most secure remote access solutions. However, VPN protocols are not specialized for remote desktop access. They tend to operate alongside RDP and other remote access technologies.

Remote access VPNs create digital gateways to secure other forms of remote access. That’s especially useful for remote workforces that connect via home offices and unsecured public networks.

VMWare Blast

Blast is VMWare’s virtual display protocol and uses the H.264 video compression standard to transfer video data. Compression makes Blast a good option if companies rely on video conferencing and virtual meetings. It also suits remote desktop access with complex visual demands.

VMWare Blast is platform-neutral, supporting Linux, MacOS, and Windows. It uses the UDP and TCP/IP framework for data transfers, while encryption and authentication functions provide additional security.

Citrix ICA

Citrix ICA is a proprietary remote desktop protocol focused on high-performance desktop access.

The “Independent Computing Architecture” resembles RDP’s client and server architecture. Unlike basic RDP, Citrix ICA optimizes data flows for graphics and audio. This reduces latency and enhances efficiency.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

HTTPS is a secure version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that transmits most web traffic.

Companies can use it to secure remote access via web applications. For example, HTTPS enables collaboration via Google Docs or access to publishing tools like Canva.

The problem with HTTPS is it only applies to web-based traffic. Users will need additional protocols to secure other forms of traffic.

Apple Remote Desktop (ARD)

Apple’s version of the Remote Desktop Protocol, ARD, allows remote management of MacOS systems. It provides similar services to RDP, including remote admin and file transfers.

IT teams can use ARD to remotely manage software on Apple devices or control many Macs on a company network. ARD also features screen-sharing, file distribution, and software installation to ease the workload for security teams.

ARD is only used with Apple systems. You can use it as part of remote access systems, but other protocols are needed if PCs or other devices are involved.

How should you choose the right remote access protocol for your needs?

Take care when choosing different types of remote access protocol, as the protocol you select influences overall performance.

Remote access solutions should balance criteria and take business needs into account. In some situations, security is critical. In others, speed matters slightly more. Here are some criteria to guide your decision-making:

• Security. If security is foremost, choose remote access protocols that support strong encryption and authentication systems. A smart remote access setup based on combining VPNs and RDP should protect critical data.

• Speed and performance. Fast protocols consume minimal bandwidth and generate very little latency—handy if you rely on split-second connectivity. Protocols may also support file compression to reduce transfer volumes, another good way to improve performance.

• Compatibility. Think about how remote access protocols fit into your network environment. Some RAPs support all operating systems. Others, like RDP or ARD, are less wide-ranging. Check your protocol works with visualization platforms like Citrix (if you use them).

• Cost. Sourcing a proprietary remote access protocol like VMWare Blast can be expensive, as companies must buy licenses for every user. RDP or other solutions may be better suited to small businesses on cost grounds.

Best practices for using remote access protocols

Challenges remain after choosing remote access protocols. How should you use protocols securely and efficiently to achieve your business goals?

Implementing remote access technologies varies between businesses, but some best practices apply across the board:

• Use multi-factor authentication (MFA). MFA requires extra user credentials before establishing a remote access session. Most protocols support authentication, which cuts the risk of outsiders gaining control of network devices.

• Encrypt data securely. Encryption scrambles data packets transported via remote access protocols. Tools like RDP do not provide strong encryption by default. The safest option is applying encryption over the top via VPN protocols.

• Segment networks for added security. Strengthen protection by isolating remote access servers in secure network segments. Control access to this secure zone and minimize east-west movement if attackers breach remote access defenses.

• Update software regularly. Remote access protocols can be vectors for exploit attacks. Regular patches and software updates keep network assets current and protected against known vulnerabilities.

• Monitor remote access. Security teams can monitor data transferred via remote access protocols to detect suspicious activity. Maintain activity logs and schedule regular audits to identify potential problems.

• Organize user training. Users must know how to use remote desktop protocols securely. Password hygiene, VPNs, patching, and avoiding unsafe public spaces should all appear in training programs.

• Use load balancing to scale RAP solutions. Scaling remote access protocols can cause performance issues. Load balancing helps you manage bandwidth and avoid network bottlenecks.

Remote access protocols: How NordLayer can help

To connect to a remote device, you need a remote access protocol. Products offering this service should be compatible with popular protocols.

The best solutions not only establish the connection but also ensure it is encrypted and secure, like NordLayer. NordLayer’s Smart Remote Access works with SSH, VPC, and RDP protocols. Additionally, NordLayer provides extra security like encryption and access controls, enhancing the safety of remote connections.

Our Smart Remote Access (SRA) feature allows organizations to create virtual LANs interconnecting several work devices. Users can easily reach other devices connected to the same Virtual LAN as if they were on the same physical network.

Virtual LANs created with NordLayer’s SRA are extremely safe, as only authorized users and devices can access network assets. Employees can upload and delete files securely while VPN technology runs in the background—making connections secure wherever users are. IT admins can troubleshoot issues remotely and manage servers from different locations without hassle. Remote desktops can run without security concerns, keeping sensitive data protected.

For example, a sales team on the road can access internal resources and update the CRM in real time, improving response times and data accuracy. A development team spread across different locations can collaborate on code, share files, and use shared servers, boosting productivity and keeping projects on time. Healthcare professionals can access patient records securely from various locations, ensuring timely and accurate medical care.

In 2024, increased attacks on serverless technologies, predicted by Google Cloud’s Security report, became a reality. Misconfigured cloud environments contributed to 30% of incidents in the first half of the year. That’s why it’s important not only to choose a robust Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) cybersecurity solution but also to ensure it is properly configured to protect your company.

In this article, we’ll compare Check Point alternatives, including NordLayer, Fortinet, and Zscaler, to help organizations find the best solutions for enhanced security and protection.

In brief,

• Check Point, Fortinet, and Zscaler are enterprise-level providers with effective but costly and complex solutions.

• While NordLayer doesn’t cover all SASE features, it offers a highly-rated solution with some SSE features (part of SASE). It also stands out for its proactive configuration assistance and 24/7 support.

Let’s explore these solutions and see which one might best suit your organization’s protection and security needs.

Check Point software overview

Check Point Software is a long-standing player in the cybersecurity market. It was founded in 1993 and has offices around the world, including in sanctioned countries such as Russia and Belarus.

Check Point offers a wide array of cybersecurity software solutions, but here are the main five areas.

1. Cloud (Check Point CloudGuard): Provides cloud security services to protect public, private, and hybrid environments. It includes firewall, threat prevention, and posture management software.

2. Security for remote users (Harmony): Protects remote users with endpoint security tools. Harmony secures devices, web browsing, email, and collaboration software solutions.

3. Security ops (Horizon): Supports security operations by providing services for threat detection, incident response, and automation.

4. Network security (Quantum): Delivers advanced firewall and intrusion prevention services to protect networks.

5. All (Infinity Platform): Integrates multiple security products into one platform. This product covers network, cloud, and endpoint security.

As you can see, Check Point offers a wide range of products that can address various security needs from a product standpoint.

Most mentioned product strengths

Check Point Software offers features that help to secure various network infrastructure and cyber security aspects. Here are some mentioned by users:

1. Secure network access for businesses

2. Advanced threat prevention and real-time threat detection

3. Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) features

4. Deep packet inspection and SSL inspection

5. Firewall with VPN access management for remote users

6. Geo-location filtering and detailed URL filtering

7. Zero-day attack protection with quick patch updates for vulnerabilities

8. Network mapping and compliance testing across environments

9. Environment-specific reports generated for better oversight

Most mentioned overall product benefits of Check Point

Here are some things users often mentioned about Check Point products overall:

1. Well-known and respected in the industry

2. Reliable and effective

3. Unified security management system

4. Centralized firewall management with easy server integration

5. User-friendly interface

6. Minimal need for daily adjustments after the setup

Limitations of Check Point

Despite its strengths, Check Point Software may have some limitations that might not align with the needs of every organization. They might include:

1. Complicated and costly pricing

2. Complex setup and configuration

3. Slowing down during heavy traffic

4. Difficult advanced features and services

5. Slow, upgrade-focused support

6. Overwhelming product range

7. Lacks competitive SD-WAN alternatives

8. VPN client issues on MacOS

Disclaimer: This product review is based on information provided on VPN review sites and social networking forums such as Gartner, G2, and Reddit. It also assessed customer feedback shared on these platforms, accessed on August 13, 2024.

Let’s look at Check Point alternatives.

1. NordLayer

Overview of NordLayer

NordLayer is a network security solution designed to provide safe access to company resources from any location. It provides protection for networks, facilitates remote work, and aids in meeting compliance requirements. Developed by Nord Security, the creators of the popular NordVPN service, NordLayer offers a multi-layered defense for your network.

NordLayer assists organizations in implementing Firewall as a Service (FWaaS), Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA), and Secure Web Gateway (SWG) principles, with a focus on the Secure Service Edge (SSE). It delivers SaaS security features to control access to the internet, resources, and networks.

NordLayer’s flexibility makes it a good fit for businesses of all sizes that need scalable protection.

Product strengths

NordLayer addresses three key business needs. First, it helps enable secure internet access, including for remote employees, and protection while browsing. Second, it segments and controls access to company resources. Third, it helps companies ensure compliance with key cybersecurity regulatory frameworks through easy-to-use visibility dashboards and straightforward identity and access management.

NordLayer primarily focuses on network protection and provides key SSE features, including:

• Shared gateways and virtual private gateways

• Quantum safe encryption

• Dedicated servers with Fixed IP

• Cloud Firewall

• Device Posture Security

• IP allowlisting

• Web protection (formerly Threatblock)

• DNS Filtering capabilities

• NordLynx VPN protocol

• Browser Extension that enhances performance while ensuring secure browsing

Overall product benefits of NordLayer

Compared to larger solutions discussed in this article, NordLayer offers several key advantages:

• Transparent pricing, with plans starting at $7 per user per month

• Proactive setup support to minimize misconfiguration risks

• 24/7 live support, dedicated account managers, and personalized assistance

• Direct influence on product development and growth

Limitations of NordLayer

Despite its many strengths, NordLayer has some limitations:

• Less established brand and not as widely recognized

• Fewer features and capabilities

• Slows down the internet connection when using the VPN

• Can’t adjust team size online; need to contact support to downgrade

• Sometimes, NordVPN and NordLayer are confused

NordLayer reviews

Users frequently praise NordLayer for its ease of use, even for those without extensive IT knowledge. They also appreciate the helpful support provided at every stage.

Disclaimer: This product review is based on information provided on our website, VPN review sites and social networking forums such as Gartner, G2, and TechRadar. It also assessed customer feedback shared on these platforms, accessed on August 13, 2024.

2. Fortinet

Overview of Fortinet

Fortinet is a well-known cybersecurity provider, established over 20 years ago in California. Overall, Fortinet is a versatile option for medium to large enterprises protection.

The company specializes in network security, unified SASE, and cloud security for enterprises. While Fortinet does offer solutions for small and midsize businesses, user reviews suggest that it is particularly well-suited for large companies that can benefit from using multiple Fortinet products together.

Most mentioned product strengths

Fortinet’s products are designed to offer comprehensive security services with a focus on performance and scalability.

1. Well-built, stable hardware, particularly for perimeter firewalls

2. Next-Generation Firewall featuring AV, IPS, web filtering, application control, and VPN

3. Advanced Threat Protection

4. Functions as a wireless controller at no additional cost

5. FortiGuard Labs threat intelligence

6. FortiGuard services, including antivirus, data loss prevention, and anti-spam

7. SecureFabric for isolated communications

Most mentioned overall product benefits of Fortinet

Fortinet stands out due to its strong performance capabilities and broad security features that cater to various business needs.

1. Intuitive and easy-to-use GUI

2. Full-stack, single-pane integration

3. SSL VPN with no extra licensing

4. Easy firewall configuration

5. Centralized control and visibility

6. Cost-effective

7. Simple management and customization

8. Easy implementation across platforms

9. Consistent OS across all devices

Limitations of Fortinet

While Fortinet offers extensive features, it may also have some drawbacks, depending on an organization’s specific needs.

1. Limited technical support for security products

2. Logging lacks real-time information and is hard to navigate

3. Complex configuration and firewall software syntax

4. VPNs frequently drop, affecting customer experience

5. Documentation is complex and lacks vital information

6. The learning curve for rich security features

7. High license costs, challenging for small-scale organizations

8. Frequent bugs impact product reliability

9. Manual firmware updates hinder customer experience

10. Needs flexible pricing and service options to protect smaller organizations

Disclaimer: This product review is based on information provided on VPN review sites and social networking forums such as Gartner, G2, and Reddit. It also assessed customer feedback shared on these platforms, accessed on August 13, 2024.

3. ZScaler

Overview of ZScaler

ZScaler, founded in 2007 and based in California, specializes in a cloud-native Zero Trust Exchange platform designed to protect customers from cyber-attacks and data loss. As a cloud-based security service provider, ZScaler focuses on securing internet traffic and managing user access to applications.

Most mentioned product strengths

ZScaler provides a range of capabilities designed to enhance security and manageability for organizations that operate in distributed and cloud environments.

1. Wide array of security features

2. Numerous customizable options

3. Granular control in creating security policies

4. Easy-to-generate reports

Most mentioned overall product benefits of ZScaler

ZScaler’s cloud-native approach and focus on zero trust make it a strong contender in the cybersecurity market.

1. High performance

2. Reliable connectivity

3. Stable cloud-native architecture

4. Centralized access management and security visibility

5. User-friendly interface

6. Scalable at any time

Limitations of ZScaler

Although ZScaler is innovative, it has drawbacks that might not suit every organization.

1. Complex migration from legacy VPN to cloud-based Zero Trust Network Access

2. The steep learning curve for users

3. Incorrect URL classifications affecting security

4. Disconnection during brief internet fluctuations

5. Lacking detailed API documentation

6. Poor customer support and response

7. Time-consuming setup process

8. Confusing pricing information for services and products

Disclaimer: This product review is based on information provided on VPN review sites and social networking forums such as Gartner and G2, and it assesses customer feedback shared on these platforms, accessed on August 20, 2024.

Choosing the right network security solution

Finding the right network security solution is crucial for your organization’s protection and growth. Here’s what to focus on:

• Ensure the software integrates well with your current systems

• Assess firewall capabilities that match your organization’s needs

• Review each option’s ability to scale with your organization

• Prioritize ease of use for smooth implementation and management

• Evaluate the provider’s support and customer service

Start by considering these factors to secure your organization effectively.

Disclaimer: The information in this article is provided for informational purposes only. It is based on publicly available third-party reviews, user feedback, and online sources accessed between August 13, 2024, and August 20, 2024, and should not be considered definitive or permanent. While we strive for accuracy and completeness, Nord Security Inc. and its affiliates make no guarantees regarding the information’s accuracy, completeness, or suitability. We do not undertake, warrant, or represent that any product, or its feature, is or will remain publicly regarded as better or worse than other alternatives, serve any purpose, has mentioned features, benefits, strengths, and limitations for any period of time. Product features, pricing, and other details may change, and we advise readers to verify these directly with vendors. We disclaim any liability to any party for any errors, omissions, or actions taken based on this information. The inclusion of competitor products does not imply affiliation or endorsement, and all trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. Readers should conduct their research and seek independent advice before making purchasing decisions.

Phishing or social engineering attacks are the number one cyber threat to business networks. Recent studies show that 90% of attacks are triggered by phishing. Innocent mistakes can expose vast amounts of confidential data, risking regulatory action and reputational disaster.

The problem with phishing is that tech solutions are never completely effective. Phishers exploit human nature, convincing users to make unsafe decisions. The only effective response is phishing awareness training.

Poorly trained workforces will eventually put your data at risk. But if you follow the guidance below, you will be well-prepared to handle social engineering attacks.

Key takeaways

• Phishing involves using emails to persuade readers to make dangerous decisions. Links and attachments direct users to malicious websites, putting data and network assets at risk.

• Companies can only combat phishing by training employees to identify suspicious emails. This is harder than it sounds. Phishing emails resemble authentic messages and use sophisticated techniques to fool targets.

• Proper training prepares employees to assess subject lines, email addresses, links, body text, and links. Training covers every aspect of phishing attacks, enabling users to report threats before they compromise your network.

• Implementing continuous phishing awareness training is key. Employees must refresh their knowledge and participate in phishing simulations. Employers, on the other hand, should create easy-to-use reporting processes.

• Combining awareness training with cybersecurity technology mitigates most phishing attacks. Threat detection tools, email encryption, and VPNs strengthen your network defenses. They contain malicious threats when phishing training fails.

Phishing: What your employees need to know

There are two main reasons phishing leads to data breaches and other cyber-attacks: poor security infrastructure and lack of phishing awareness.

Robust protection is vital, but it won’t work if employees ignore phishing risks and expose critical data. Safeguarding apps and data requires constantly updated phishing awareness training. Let’s explore what building an effective human firewall entails and how to create effective training materials.

1. Phishing is illegal

The first thing to stress is that phishing scams are always illegal. Successful or not, phishers commit criminal acts, and it’s important to report phishing attacks to the authorities.

Phishing breaches both the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) and legislation against wire fraud. Successful attacks also breach identity theft laws. Phishing isn’t a minor offense, and employees should understand its severity.

Even so, laws do not specifically outlaw phishing—just successful cyber-attacks involving phishing. It’s still legal to email people asking for information. Tricking people with deceptive language is also legal. If not, sending jokes via email would effectively be criminalized.

Phishing differs because attackers trick users into sharing financial or confidential information for personal gain. Keep that definition in mind when delivering security awareness training.

2. Never trust email addresses alone

Phishers are experts in deception. Every aspect of their emails is potentially fake. However, victims sometimes forget this. They see what appear to be legitimate email addresses and assume the content is safe.

That’s a common and dangerous mistake. A phishing attack often starts by using spoofing to imitate legitimate email addresses.

Spoofed email addresses superficially resemble authentic Amazon or Microsoft addresses. If you look more closely, the underlying email address has nothing to do with those companies. This method is also known as display name spoofing. Every employee must be able to spot it 100% of the time.

There’s another aspect to display name spoofing. Email apps on some mobile devices do not show the sender’s address unless users expand the user name. That’s why you must train remote workers to use all devices securely – not just work laptops.

Spoofers can also take another approach known as cousin domain spoofing. This technique creates email domains that closely resemble authentic domains but have tiny differences.

Sometimes, this could be a fake extension like “Cisco-customerservice”. Sometimes, phishers add a different domain name or a string of numbers that shouldn’t be there. These discrepancies are never easy to spot.

Employees must concentrate and check every address for anomalies. Test their skills regularly, as concentration tends to lapse after a few months.

3. Look for suspicious subject lines and content

Subject lines and body text are also red flags when detecting phishing campaigns.

Phishers often use subject lines to grab attention. For instance, attackers might spoof an actual SaaS provider notifying you about rejected invoices. Or they could target executives with extravagant recruiting promises.

Subject lines may use fear and anxiety. Or they could arouse curiosity. When these methods work, users drop their natural caution and may click links or respond to other parts of the email.

Train employees to treat emails with threatening or excessively positive subject lines cautiously. These subject lines don’t automatically indicate a phishing threat. But employees should treat the attached emails as suspicious messages.

Body text is another critical phishing training awareness issue. The tone of the email is the first area to check. A threatening tone is always a phishing red flag.

For example, phishers want readers to click dangerous links and threaten dire consequences if users don’t click the link. Real-world clients or companies rarely communicate like that. The same applies to sudden emails about locked accounts or credit card problems.

Don’t rely on common sense. When creating phishing training materials, add real-world examples of suspicious emails. Highlight how phishers use language and tone, giving employees enough information to make informed judgments.

4. Beware of embedded links

Remember: phishers can spoof any part of an email message. This applies to embedded links as much as email addresses.

Links are a crucial training theme because malicious links almost always appear in social engineering emails. Phishers try to funnel victims to malicious sites where users hand over information or download malware. Identifying these sites is essential.

If a phishing email is well-written, malicious links look fine. They may resemble links to payment portals or accounting apps. Readers can only see the destination URL by hovering their cursor over the link text.

Check links thoroughly before clicking. Look for suspicious URL formats and shortened URLs. Make sure employees use virtual private gateways with DNS Filtering configured and Threat Block enabled. These NordLayer features ensure employees can access only secure web content by restricting access to potentially malicious websites.

5. Exercise caution with attachments

Email attachments are just as dangerous as links—maybe more so if your employees regularly exchange documents and files via email.

Phishers prefer adding attachments to emails as attachments tend to bypass spam filters. They can add a phishing link to PDF documents or spreadsheets without worrying about interception.

Skilled phishers use this to their advantage. They turn attachments into a form of social proof, persuading readers they need to access something valuable and useful.

When training employees, stress that all attachments are suspicious. The best phishing emails are careful to make other parts of the email convincing. Even plausible messages from seemingly trusted organizations could be malicious.

Teach employees to check attachment links. If they aren’t sure, recommend users report the attachment to a security team member. It’s always better to be safe than sorry.

6. Understand the risks of personal phishing attacks

Understanding personalization is another core part of an effective phishing awareness training program.

The reason for this is simple. As phishing becomes more complex, attackers are launching personalized phishing scams. Even highly qualified individuals can be caught off-guard. The success of a social engineering attack largely depends on context and personal relevance.

Instead of generic greetings, attackers are using contextual data. AI and automation tools enable hackers to profile targets and pose as authentic email senders. Employees need better security awareness in general (to protect their personal information) and when reading emails (to detect small false details).

It’s also vital to deliver additional training for high-ranking individuals and administrators.

Targeted training helps combat whaling and spear phishing attacks that leverage information about senior employees. These individuals often have greater access to sensitive information and privileges to share it—a dangerous combination that bad actors often exploit.

7. Appearances are deceptive as cybercriminals copy corporate branding

When you read emails from major companies, branded graphics, and layout style are often the first things you notice. Companies use consistent visuals and templates to deliver legitimate messages, but phishing emails can copy all of this.

Train employees not to be fooled by slick logos. Look for minor imperfections in the email’s presentation. Phishers often slightly change logos to work around spam filters.

Be wary of images as well. Phishers embed links beneath photos (and elements like QR codes), another way to evade filters. Genuine senders rarely do this, preferring transparent and secure links. Treat image links as potential red flags wherever they appear.

8. Update your knowledge: Phishers are becoming more sophisticated

Tomorrow’s phishing attempts will be more sophisticated. Detecting them will be increasingly challenging. You can be sure of that. Attackers constantly seek ways to avoid filters and fool their targets. Phishing awareness training should evolve with new techniques.

Above all else, security officers should research emerging techniques and prepare for emerging phishing campaigns. Also, creating a comprehensive strategy that includes education, vigilance, and technology works best when it comes to preventing phishing attacks.

Threat actors are using artificial intelligence to generate more accurate messages. They also run multi-channel attacks, which use two or more communication platforms. Microsoft Teams is the most common second step, followed by Slack and SMS. Security teams must up their game and outpace their adversaries.

How to implement phishing awareness training

Understanding what employees need to know is a good start. It’s vital to put that knowledge into practice with effective phishing training. Here are some tips about how to do so:

• Implement continuous phishing training with annual updates and testing exercises. Don’t rely on onboarding training. Knowledge and attention erode over time.

• If you have the resources, run simulated phishing campaigns and war game potential scenarios with cybersecurity tabletop exercises.

• Include key stakeholders in training scenarios. Everyone, from new hires to veteran executives, plays a role in detecting phishing attempts.

• Ensure you have a reporting system to pick up alerts from the front line. Employees should be able to instantly report suspicious emails without disrupting their workflows.

• Provide immediate feedback when an employee clicks on a phishing email. Gentle guidance reinforces training on the spot, and there’s usually no need for disciplinary procedures.

• Audit your phishing training program regularly. Record phishing incidents and identify areas to improve.

How can NordLayer help?

At NordLayer, we want every company to guard against phishing attacks, and we offer a range of solutions to make that happen.

Firstly, check out our recent article on data breaches. It’s a great introduction to the main attack techniques and data breach risks. When you’re up to speed, use our security tools to make awareness training even more effective.

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) helps ensure cybercriminals won’t get far with stolen credentials alone. Threat protection based on Zero Trust Network Access verifies every user and device before they are given access to your network.

NordLayer also offers solutions that help prevent phishing. Threat Prevention identifies and blocks potential threats, protecting your devices and important data from phishing scams.

Security technologies alone won’t stop every phishing attack. Combining NordLayer’s security tools with phishing awareness training will put you in the best possible position. Get in touch today and find out how to reduce your phishing risks.