{"id":46037,"date":"2022-04-08T09:31:01","date_gmt":"2022-04-08T01:31:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/?p=46037"},"modified":"2022-05-30T10:42:16","modified_gmt":"2022-05-30T02:42:16","slug":"prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/2022\/04\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\/","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"46037\" class=\"elementor elementor-46037\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4da8c5f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4da8c5f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;decf9c3&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-133ba185\" data-id=\"133ba185\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc2da8d post-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc2da8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"958\" height=\"auto\"><\/p>\n\n<p>Prometheus seeks to be a new generation within open source monitoring tools. A different approach with no legacies from the past.<\/p>\n<p>For years, many monitoring tools have been linked to Nagios for its architecture and philosophy or directly for being a complete fork (CheckMk, Centreon, OpsView, Icinga, Naemon, Shinken, Vigilo NMS, NetXMS, OP5 and others).<\/p>\n<p>Prometheus software, however, is true to the \u201cOpen\u201d spirit: if you want to use it, you will have to put together several different parts.<\/p>\n<p>Somehow, like Nagios, <strong>we can say that it is a kind of monitoring Ikea<\/strong>: you will be able to do many things with it, but you will need to put the pieces together yourself and devote a lot of time to it.<\/p>\n<h2>Prometheus network monitoring architecture<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus, written in the go programming language, has an architecture based on the integration of third-party free technologies:<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Prometheus-kubernetes-monitoring-960x577.png\" alt=\"Prometheus kubernetes monitoring\" width=\"958\" height=\"auto\"><\/p>\n<p>Unlike other well-known systems, which also have many plugins and parts to present maps, Prometheus needs third parties to, for example, display data (Grafana) or execute notifications (Pagerduty).<\/p>\n<p>All those high-level elements can be replaced by other pieces, but Prometheus is part of an ecosystem, not a single tool. That\u2019s why it has <em>exporters<\/em> and key pieces that in the background are other Opensource projects:<\/p>\n<ul><li>HAProxy<\/li><li>StatsD<\/li><li>Graphite<\/li><li>Grafana<\/li><li>Pagerduty<\/li><li>OpsGenie<\/li><li>and we could go on and on.<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2>What is Prometheus monitoring?<\/h2>\n<p>As we mentioned, Prometheus is an open-source monitoring tool.<\/p>\n<p>The main difference with the rest of the tools we have, is that Prometheus <strong>is conceived as a framework for collecting data<\/strong> of undefined structure (key value), rather than as a monitoring tool. This allows you to define a syntax for your evaluation and thus store only in case of change events.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re familiar with RRD, you\u2019re thinking the right thing.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong>Prometheus does not store data in an SQL database<\/strong><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Like Graphite, which does something similar, like other systems from another generation that store numerical series in RRD files, Prometheus stores each data series in a special file.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>If you are looking for a Time series database information gathering tool<\/strong>, <strong>you should take a look at OpenTSBD, InfluxDB or Graphite<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>What to use Prometheus for?<\/h2>\n<p>Or rather, why NOT use Prometheus.<\/p>\n<p>They themselves say it on their website: if you are going to use this tool to collect logs, DO NOT DO it, they propose ELK instead.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong>If you want to use Prometheus to monitor applications, servers or remote computers using SNMP<\/strong>, you may do so and generate beautiful graphics with Grafana, but first of all\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Prometheus Settings<\/h2>\n<p>All Prometheus software configuration is done in YAML text files, with a rather complex syntax. In addition, each employed exporter has its own independent configuration file.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In the event of a configuration change, you will need to restart the service<\/strong> to make sure it takes the changes.<\/p>\n<h2>Prometheus reports<\/h2>\n<p>By default, <strong>Prometheus monitoring has no report type<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>You will have to program them yourself using their API to retrieve data.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, there are some independent projects to achieve this.<\/p>\n<h2>Dashboards and visual displays<\/h2>\n<p>To have a dashboard in Prometheus, you\u2019ll need to integrate it with Grafana.<\/p>\n<p>There is documentation of how to do this, as Grafana and Prometheus coexist amicably.<\/p>\n<h2>Scalability in Prometheus<\/h2>\n<p>If you need to process more data sources in Prometheus, you may always add more servers.<\/p>\n<p>Each server processes its own workload, because each Prometheus server is independent and can work even if its peers fail.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Of course, you will have to \u201cdivide\u201d the servers by functional areas to be able to differentiate them, e.g.: \u201cservice A, service B\u201d. So that each server is independent.<\/p>\n<p>There does not seem to be a way to \u201cscale\u201d as we understand it, since there is no way to synchronize, recover data and it does not have high availability or a common access framework to information on different independent servers.<\/p>\n<p>But as we warned at the beginning, this is not a \u201cclosed\u201d solution but a framework for designing your own final solution.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, there is no doubt that <strong>Prometheus is able to absorb a lot of information<\/strong>, following another order of magnitude than other better known tools.<\/p>\n<h2>Monitoring with Prometheus: exporters and collectors<\/h2>\n<p>Somehow, each different \u201cway\u201d of obtaining information with this tool, needs a piece of software that they call \u201cexporter\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>It is still a binary with its own YAML configuration file that must be managed independently (with its own daemon, configuration file, etc.).<\/p>\n<p>It would be the equivalent of a \u201cplugin\u201d in Nagios.<\/p>\n<p>So, for example, Prometheus has exporters for SNMP (<strong>snmp_exporter<\/strong>), log monitoring <strong>(grok_exporter)<\/strong>, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>Example of configuring an snmp exporter as a service:<\/p>\n<figure align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Prometheus-monitoring-exporter-SNMP.png\" alt=\"Prometheus monitoring exporter SNMP\" width=\"958\" height=\"auto\">\n<figcaption>Prometheus monitoring exporter SNMP<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>To get information from a host, you may install a \u201cnode_exporter\u201d that works as a conventional agent, similar to those of Nagios.<\/p>\n<p>These \u201cnode_exporters\u201d collect metrics of different types, in what they call \u201ccollectors\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>By default, Prometheus has activated dozens of these collectors. You may check them all by navigating to Annex 1: active collectors.<\/p>\n<p>And, in addition, there are a multitude of \u201cexporters\u201d or plugins, to obtain information from different hardware and software systems.<\/p>\n<p>Although the number of exporters is relevant (about 200), it does not reach the level of plugins available for Nagios (more than 2000).<\/p>\n<p>Here we have included an example of an Oracle exporter.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Prometheus\u2019 approach for modern monitoring is much more flexible than that of older tools. Thanks to its philosophy, you may integrate it into hybrid environments more easily.<\/p>\n<p>However, you will miss reports, dashboards and a centralized configuration management system.<\/p>\n<p>That is, an interface that allows observing and monitoring information grouped in services \/ hosts.<\/p>\n<p>Because Prometheus is a data processing ecosystem, not a common IT monitoring system.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Its power in data processing is far superior<\/strong>, but the use of that data for day-to-day use makes it extremely complex to manage, as it requires many configuration files, many distributed external commands and everything must be maintained manually.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"colectores\">Appendix 1: Collectors active in Prometheus<\/h2>\n<p>Here are the collectors that Prometheus has active by default:<\/p>\n<p>These \u201cnode_exporter\u201d collect metrics of different types, in what they call \u201ccollectors\u201d, these are the serial collectors that are activated:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 95% !important;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"30%\">arp<\/td>\n<td width=\"70%\">Exposes ARP statistics from \/proc\/net\/arp.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bcache<\/td>\n<td>Exposes bcache statistics from \/sys\/fs\/bcache\/.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bonding<\/td>\n<td>Exposes the number of configured and active slaves of Linux bonding interfaces.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>btrfs<\/td>\n<td>Exposes btrfs statistics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>boottime<\/td>\n<td>Exposes system boot time derived from the kern.boottime sysctl.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>conntrack<\/td>\n<td>Shows conntrack statistics (does nothing if no \/proc\/sys\/net\/netfilter\/ present).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cpu<\/td>\n<td>Exposes CPU statistics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cpufreq<\/td>\n<td>Exposes CPU frequency statistics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>diskstats<\/td>\n<td>Exposes disk I\/O statistics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>dmi<\/td>\n<td>Expose Desktop Management Interface (DMI) info from \/sys\/class\/dmi\/id\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>edac<\/td>\n<td>Exposes error detection and correction statistics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>entropy<\/td>\n<td>Exposes available entropy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>exec<\/td>\n<td>Exposes execution statistics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>fibrechannel<\/td>\n<td>Exposes fibre channel information and statistics from \/sys\/class\/fc_host\/.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>filefd<\/td>\n<td>Exposes file descriptor statistics from \/proc\/sys\/fs\/file-nr.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>filesystem<\/td>\n<td>Exposes filesystem statistics, such as disk space used.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>hwmon<\/td>\n<td>Expose hardware monitoring and sensor data from \/sys\/class\/hwmon\/.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>infiniband<\/td>\n<td>Exposes network statistics specific to InfiniBand and Intel OmniPath configurations.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ipvs<\/td>\n<td>Exposes IPVS status from \/proc\/net\/ip_vs and stats from \/proc\/net\/ip_vs_stats.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>loadavg<\/td>\n<td>Exposes load average.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mdadm<\/td>\n<td>Exposes statistics about devices in \/proc\/mdstat (does nothing if no \/proc\/mdstat present).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>meminfo<\/td>\n<td>Exposes memory statistics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>netclass<\/td>\n<td>Exposes network interface info from \/sys\/class\/net\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>netdev<\/td>\n<td>Exposes network interface statistics such as bytes transferred.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>netstat<\/td>\n<td>Exposes network statistics from \/proc\/net\/netstat. This is the same information as netstat -s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nfs<\/td>\n<td>Exposes NFS client statistics from \/proc\/net\/rpc\/nfs. This is the same information as nfsstat -c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nfsd<\/td>\n<td>Exposes NFS kernel server statistics from \/proc\/net\/rpc\/nfsd. This is the same information as nfsstat -s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nvme<\/td>\n<td>Exposes NVMe info from \/sys\/class\/nvme\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>os<\/td>\n<td>Expose OS release info from \/etc\/os-release or \/usr\/lib\/os-release<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>powersupplyclass<\/td>\n<td>Exposes Power Supply statistics from \/sys\/class\/power_supply<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pressure<\/td>\n<td>Exposes pressure stall statistics from \/proc\/pressure\/.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rapl<\/td>\n<td>Exposes various statistics from \/sys\/class\/powercap.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>schedstat<\/td>\n<td>Exposes task scheduler statistics from \/proc\/schedstat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sockstat<\/td>\n<td>Exposes various statistics from \/proc\/net\/sockstat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>softnet<\/td>\n<td>Exposes statistics from \/proc\/net\/softnet_stat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>stat<\/td>\n<td>Exposes various statistics from \/proc\/stat. This includes boot time, forks and interrupts.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tapestats<\/td>\n<td>Exposes statistics from \/sys\/class\/scsi_tape.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>textfile<\/td>\n<td>Exposes statistics read from local disk. The \u2013collector.textfile.directory flag must be set.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>thermal<\/td>\n<td>Exposes thermal statistics like pmset -g therm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>thermal_zone<\/td>\n<td>Exposes thermal zone &amp; cooling device statistics from \/sys\/class\/thermal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>time<\/td>\n<td>Exposes the current system time.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>timex<\/td>\n<td>Exposes selected adjtimex(2) system call stats.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>udp_queues<\/td>\n<td>Exposes UDP total lengths of the rx_queue and tx_queue from \/proc\/net\/udp and \/proc\/net\/udp6.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>uname<\/td>\n<td>Exposes system information as provided by the uname system call.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>vmstat<\/td>\n<td>Exposes statistics from \/proc\/vmstat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>xfs<\/td>\n<td>Exposes XFS runtime statistics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>zfs<\/td>\n<td>Exposes <a href=\"http:\/\/open-zfs.org\/\">ZFS<\/a> performance statistics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<figcaption>Colectores activos por defecto en Prometheus<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"exporteroracle\">Appendix 2: Oracle exporter example<\/h2>\n<p>This is an example of the type of information that an Oracle exporter returns, which is invoked by configuring a file and a set of environment variables that define credentials and SID:<\/p>\n<ul><li>oracledb_exporter_last_scrape_duration_seconds<\/li><li>oracledb_exporter_last_scrape_error<\/li><li>oracledb_exporter_scrapes_total<\/li><li>oracledb_up<\/li><li>oracledb_activity_execute_count<\/li><li>oracledb_activity_parse_count_total<\/li><li>oracledb_activity_user_commits<\/li><li>oracledb_activity_user_rollbacks<\/li><li>oracledb_sessions_activity<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_application<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_commit<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_concurrency<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_configuration<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_network<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_other<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_scheduler<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_system_io<\/li><li>oracledb_wait_time_user_io<\/li><li>oracledb_tablespace_bytes<\/li><li>oracledb_tablespace_max_bytes<\/li><li>oracledb_tablespace_free<\/li><li>oracledb_tablespace_used_percent<\/li><li>oracledb_process_count<\/li><li>oracledb_resource_current_utilization<\/li><li>oracledb_resource_limit_value<\/li><\/ul>\n<p>To get an idea of how an exporter is configured, let\u2019s look at an example, with an JMX exporter configuration file:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>---\nstartDelaySeconds: 0\nhostPort: 127.0.0.1:1234\nusername: \npassword: \njmxUrl: service:jmx:rmi:\/\/\/jndi\/rmi:\/\/127.0.0.1:1234\/jmxrmi\nssl: false\nlowercaseOutputName: false\nlowercaseOutputLabelNames: false\nwhitelistObjectNames: [\"org.apache.cassandra.metrics:*\"]\nblacklistObjectNames: [\"org.apache.cassandra.metrics:type=ColumnFamily,*\"]\nrules:\n  - pattern: 'org.apache.cassandra.metrics&lt;type=(\\w+), name=(\\w+)&gt;&lt;&gt;Value: (\\d+)'\n    name: cassandra_$1_$2\n    value: $3\n    valueFactor: 0.001\n    labels: {}\n    help: \"Cassandra metric $1 $2\"\n    cache: false\n    type: GAUGE\n    attrNameSnakeCase: false<\/code><\/pre>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8085a61 post-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"8085a61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"18103\" class=\"elementor elementor-18103\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-748947f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"748947f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;c4f773e&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7995c19\" data-id=\"7995c19\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a437045 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"a437045\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">About Version 2 Digital<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.\n<br><br>\nThrough an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"38636\" class=\"elementor elementor-38636\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7400e5a2 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7400e5a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;58112d0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-131f5cf2\" data-id=\"131f5cf2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1114ae95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1114ae95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>About PandoraFMS<\/strong><br>\nPandora FMS is a flexible monitoring system, capable of monitoring devices, infrastructures, applications, services and business processes.<br>\nOf course, one of the things that Pandora FMS can control is the hard disks of your computers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prometheus seeks to be a new generation within open sou [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":143524195,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[474,488,61],"tags":[475,489],"class_list":["post-46037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pandorafms","category-488","category-press-release","tag-pandorafms","tag-489"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation - Version 2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_HK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation - Version 2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prometheus seeks to be a new generation within open sou [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Version 2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-08T01:31:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-30T02:42:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"version2hk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"version2hk\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9810\u8a08\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u9593\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 \u5206\u9418\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"version2hk\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d14d2d3cd77ffdb618b9f1330fe084db\"},\"headline\":\"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-08T01:31:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-30T02:42:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1663,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/638.2-1-980x539.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Pandorafms\",\"2022\"],\"articleSection\":[\"PandoraFMS\",\"2022\",\"Press Release\"],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-HK\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/\",\"name\":\"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation - Version 2\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/638.2-1-980x539.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-08T01:31:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-30T02:42:16+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-HK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-HK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/638.2-1-980x539.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/638.2-1-980x539.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pandorafms.com\\\/blog\\\/prometheus-monitoring\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9801\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/\",\"name\":\"Version 2\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-HK\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Version 2\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-HK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/version-2.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/v2-hk-hor-4.png?fit=1795%2C335&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/version-2.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/v2-hk-hor-4.png?fit=1795%2C335&ssl=1\",\"width\":1795,\"height\":335,\"caption\":\"Version 2\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d14d2d3cd77ffdb618b9f1330fe084db\",\"name\":\"version2hk\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-HK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d280627252b42d7489de74dd88aa04043a495f25e258575000dc767e287bf94c?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d280627252b42d7489de74dd88aa04043a495f25e258575000dc767e287bf94c?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/d280627252b42d7489de74dd88aa04043a495f25e258575000dc767e287bf94c?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"caption\":\"version2hk\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/version2xfortcom.wordpress.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/version-2.com\\\/zh\\\/author\\\/version2hk\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation - Version 2","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/","og_locale":"zh_HK","og_type":"article","og_title":"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation - Version 2","og_description":"Prometheus seeks to be a new generation within open sou [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/","og_site_name":"Version 2","article_published_time":"2022-04-08T01:31:01+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-05-30T02:42:16+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"version2hk","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"version2hk","\u9810\u8a08\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u9593":"10 \u5206\u9418"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/2022\/04\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\/"},"author":{"name":"version2hk","@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#\/schema\/person\/d14d2d3cd77ffdb618b9f1330fe084db"},"headline":"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation","datePublished":"2022-04-08T01:31:01+00:00","dateModified":"2022-05-30T02:42:16+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/2022\/04\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\/"},"wordCount":1663,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png","keywords":["Pandorafms","2022"],"articleSection":["PandoraFMS","2022","Press Release"],"inLanguage":"zh-HK"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/2022\/04\/prometheus-network-monitoring-a-new-open-source-generation\/","url":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/","name":"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation - Version 2","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png","datePublished":"2022-04-08T01:31:01+00:00","dateModified":"2022-05-30T02:42:16+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-HK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-HK","@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/638.2-1-980x539.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/pandorafms.com\/blog\/prometheus-monitoring\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9801","item":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Prometheus network monitoring: a new open source generation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#website","url":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/","name":"Version 2","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"zh-HK"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#organization","name":"Version 2","url":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-HK","@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/version-2.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/v2-hk-hor-4.png?fit=1795%2C335&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/version-2.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/v2-hk-hor-4.png?fit=1795%2C335&ssl=1","width":1795,"height":335,"caption":"Version 2"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/#\/schema\/person\/d14d2d3cd77ffdb618b9f1330fe084db","name":"version2hk","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-HK","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d280627252b42d7489de74dd88aa04043a495f25e258575000dc767e287bf94c?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d280627252b42d7489de74dd88aa04043a495f25e258575000dc767e287bf94c?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d280627252b42d7489de74dd88aa04043a495f25e258575000dc767e287bf94c?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","caption":"version2hk"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/version2xfortcom.wordpress.com"],"url":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/author\/version2hk\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pbQRKm-bYx","post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/143524195"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46037"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46037\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46129,"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46037\/revisions\/46129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/version-2.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}